Rekonfigurasi Tata Kelola Maritim dan Kesejahteraan melalui Integrasi Hak Asasi Laut dan Pekerjaan Manusiawi di Pesisir Nusa Tenggara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37950/joc.v5i2.724Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis rekonfigurasi tata kelola maritim melalui integrasi hak asasi laut, ekonomi biru, dan pekerjaan manusiawi dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat pesisir di Nusa Tenggara Barat dan Nusa Tenggara Timur. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif kritis-interpretatif dengan desain studi kasus multi-situs untuk memahami relasi kuasa, ketimpangan distribusi manfaat, serta dinamika sosial-ekologis dalam pembangunan maritim. Tahapan penelitian meliputi telaah literatur kritis dan analisis regulasi maritim, pemetaan aktor melalui purposive dan theoretical sampling, pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, serta analisis dokumen kebijakan yang divalidasi melalui triangulasi sumber dan metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan ekonomi biru masih didominasi orientasi pertumbuhan dan investasi sehingga mempersempit akses ruang tangkap masyarakat pesisir, memperkuat marginalisasi nelayan kecil, serta menciptakan ketimpangan distribusi manfaat ekonomi. Selain itu, dominasi pekerjaan informal, lemahnya perlindungan sosial, rendahnya partisipasi substantif komunitas lokal, dan terbatasnya akses pendidikan serta kesehatan memperlihatkan bahwa pembangunan maritim belum mampu mentransformasikan pertumbuhan ekonomi menjadi kesejahteraan sosial-ekologis yang berkeadilan dan berkelanjutan bagi masyarakat pesisir.
Kata kunci: ekonomi biru, hak asasi laut, tata kelola maritim, pekerjaan manusiawi, kesejahteraan pesisir.
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